It typically has a smaller diameter/radius than the airway and will add resistance to the flow of air. This can increase the work of breathing. In fluid dynamics this is explained by something known as Poiseuille's law. However, Poiseuille's law in it's standard form assumes incompressible fluid and laminar flow, so it's only a gross approximation when using compressible fluid and turbulent flow. The tube may also increase something known as deadspace, mechanical deadspace to be specific.
Take care,
chbare.